How to Build a Bug Out Bag
A bug out bag (BOB), also called a go-bag, GOOD (Get Out Of Dodge) bag, or 72-hour kit, is a portable emergency kit designed for evacuation situations. Unlike a home emergency kit, a BOB must be light enough to carry while containing everything you need to survive for 72 hours away from home.
The key challenge is balance: comprehensive enough to handle emergencies, yet light enough that you can actually carry it. A pack that's too heavy will slow you down, exhaust you, and may get abandoned when you need it most.
Weight Guidelines
Recommended Pack Weight by Body Weight
| Body Weight | Ideal (15%) | Comfortable (20%) | Maximum (25%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 120 lbs | 18 lbs | 24 lbs | 30 lbs |
| 150 lbs | 22 lbs | 30 lbs | 37 lbs |
| 180 lbs | 27 lbs | 36 lbs | 45 lbs |
| 200 lbs | 30 lbs | 40 lbs | 50 lbs |
Note: These are guidelines. Your actual capacity depends on fitness, pack quality, terrain, and conditions.
The 10 Essentials (Plus BOB Specifics)
- Water & Hydration: At least 1 liter plus filtration/purification method. Water weighs 2.2 lbs per liter—filtration is key.
- Food: 2,000+ calories per day, lightweight options. Bars, freeze-dried, nuts, jerky.
- Shelter: Emergency bivvy at minimum, compact sleeping bag and tarp ideal.
- Fire: Multiple ignition sources (lighter, ferrocerium rod, matches). Tinder helpers.
- First Aid: Compact kit with trauma supplies and personal medications.
- Tools: Quality knife, multi-tool, flashlight, cordage.
- Navigation: Map of your area, compass. GPS is supplement, not replacement.
- Communication: Charged phone with battery bank, emergency radio.
- Documents: Copies of IDs, insurance, cash in small bills.
- Clothing: Weather-appropriate layers, rain protection, extra socks.
Packing Strategy
- Bottom: Sleeping bag and items not needed until camp
- Middle: Heavy items close to back, centered
- Top: Frequently accessed items (rain gear, snacks, first aid)
- Pockets: Critical items (knife, flashlight, fire kit)
- Outside: Shelter/tarp can strap outside if needed
Frequently Asked Questions
Where should I store my bug out bag?
Store your BOB in an easily accessible location—front closet, near the door you'd exit in an emergency, or by your bed. Everyone in the household should know where it is. Consider a secondary bag in your vehicle. Don't store in attic (temperature extremes) or anywhere that requires digging through other items to reach.
How often should I update my bug out bag?
Check your BOB every 3-6 months. Rotate food and water. Check battery levels and expiration dates on medications. Update clothing for current season and body changes. Test all gear periodically—don't wait for an emergency to discover your flashlight doesn't work.
What pack should I use?
Use a quality backpack with hip belt for weight distribution. Internal frame packs are generally better than external for mobility. Size: 40-60 liters for most BOBs. Avoid tactical/military-looking bags if you want to blend in during evacuation. Neutral colors (gray, tan, green) are less conspicuous than black tactical or bright colors.
Should I have a "get home bag" too?
A get home bag (GHB) is a smaller version kept at work or in your vehicle, designed to get you home if you're away during an emergency. It's typically lighter (10-15 lbs) with basics: water, snacks, comfortable shoes, flashlight, phone charger, first aid, and cash. Once home, you grab your full BOB if evacuation is needed.